With hot concentrated NaOH, chlorine gives NaClO₃ instead.
How it is made
Chlorine into cold dilute NaOH: Cl₂ + 2NaOH → NaCl + NaOCl + H₂O
Uses
Household bleach, disinfecting water.
What it is made of
| Element | Atoms | % by mass |
|---|---|---|
| Na | 1 | 30.9% |
| O | 1 | 21.5% |
| Cl | 1 | 47.6% |
Molar mass = 74.44 g/mol.
Common names and formulas
| Common name | Formula |
|---|---|
| Baking sodasodium hydrogen carbonate (sodium bicarbonate) | NaHCO3 |
| Washing sodasodium carbonate decahydrate | Na2CO3·10H2O |
| Soda ashanhydrous sodium carbonate | Na2CO3 |
| Bleaching powdercalcium oxychloride (calcium hypochlorite chloride) | CaOCl2 |
| Plaster of Pariscalcium sulphate hemihydrate | CaSO4·½H2O |
| Gypsumcalcium sulphate dihydrate | CaSO4·2H2O |
| Quicklimecalcium oxide | CaO |
| Slaked limecalcium hydroxide | Ca(OH)2 |
| Limestone (chalk, marble)calcium carbonate | CaCO3 |
| Common saltsodium chloride | NaCl |
| Caustic sodasodium hydroxide | NaOH |
| Caustic potashpotassium hydroxide | KOH |
| Blue vitriolcopper(II) sulphate pentahydrate | CuSO4·5H2O |
| Green vitrioliron(II) sulphate heptahydrate | FeSO4·7H2O |
| White vitriolzinc sulphate heptahydrate | ZnSO4·7H2O |
| Epsom saltmagnesium sulphate heptahydrate | MgSO4·7H2O |
| Glauber's saltsodium sulphate decahydrate | Na2SO4·10H2O |
| Potash alumpotassium aluminium sulphate dodecahydrate | K2SO4·Al2(SO4)3·24H2O |
| Boraxsodium tetraborate decahydrate | Na2B4O7·10H2O |
| Mohr's saltferrous ammonium sulphate hexahydrate | FeSO4·(NH4)2SO4·6H2O |
| Hyposodium thiosulphate pentahydrate | Na2S2O3·5H2O |
| Laughing gasnitrous oxide (dinitrogen monoxide) | N2O |
| Dry icesolid carbon dioxide | CO2 |
| Marsh gasmethane | CH4 |
| Muriatic acidhydrochloric acid | HCl |
| Oil of vitriolsulphuric acid | H2SO4 |
| Sal ammoniacammonium chloride | NH4Cl |
| Lunar causticsilver nitrate | AgNO3 |
| Chile saltpetresodium nitrate | NaNO3 |
| Saltpetre (Indian saltpetre)potassium nitrate | KNO3 |
| Calomelmercury(I) chloride | Hg2Cl2 |
| Corrosive sublimatemercury(II) chloride | HgCl2 |
| Philosopher's woolzinc oxide | ZnO |
| Red lead (sindhur)triplumbic tetroxide (lead(II,IV) oxide) | Pb3O4 |
| Liquid bleachsodium hypochlorite | NaOCl |
| Vinegarethanoic acid (acetic acid), 5–8% in water | CH3COOH |
| Table sugarsucrose | C12H22O11 |
| Spirit (grain alcohol)ethanol | C2H5OH |
| Wood spiritmethanol (methyl alcohol) | CH3OH |
| Chloroformtrichloromethane | CHCl3 |
| Carbamideurea | CO(NH2)2 |
Questions students ask
What is the chemical formula of liquid bleach?
NaOCl. Its chemical name is sodium hypochlorite.
What is the chemical name of liquid bleach?
Sodium hypochlorite, NaOCl.
What is the molar mass of liquid bleach?
74.44 g/mol (about 74.5 g/mol with exam atomic masses).
How is liquid bleach made?
Chlorine into cold dilute NaOH: Cl₂ + 2NaOH → NaCl + NaOCl + H₂O.
What are the uses of liquid bleach?
Household bleach, disinfecting water.