Chemistry formula sheet

45 formulas you'll actually use, chapter by chapter. Search for any of them.

Updated 28 October 2026Free · no sign-up

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Mole concept

Moles: n = mass / molar mass
Molarity: M = moles of solute / litres of solution
Molality: m = moles of solute / kg of solvent
Avogadro's number: N_A = 6.022 × 10²³ mol⁻¹
Mole fraction: x_A = n_A / (n_A + n_B)

Atomic structure

Photon energy: E = hν
de Broglie: λ = h/mv
Heisenberg: Δx · Δp ≥ h/4π
Rydberg formula: 1/λ = R_H Z² (1/n₁² − 1/n₂²)
Max electrons in shell n: 2n²
Radial nodes: n − l − 1
Angular nodes: l

Gases

Ideal gas: PV = nRT
Gas constant: R = 8.314 J mol⁻¹ K⁻¹ = 0.0821 L atm mol⁻¹ K⁻¹
Dalton's law: P_total = P₁ + P₂ + …
Graham's law: r₁/r₂ = √(M₂/M₁)
van der Waals: (P + an²/V²)(V − nb) = nRT

Thermodynamics

Enthalpy and energy: ΔH = ΔU + Δn_g RT
Gibbs energy: ΔG = ΔH − TΔS
With equilibrium: ΔG° = −RT ln K
With cell potential: ΔG° = −nFE°

Equilibrium

Kp and Kc: K_p = K_c (RT)^Δn
pH: pH = −log[H⁺]
At 25 °C: pH + pOH = 14
Henderson equation: pH = pK_a + log([A⁻]/[HA])
Solubility product (AB): K_sp = s²
Solubility product (AB₂): K_sp = 4s³

Electrochemistry

Nernst equation (25 °C): E = E° − (0.0591/n) log Q
Free energy: ΔG = −nFE
Faraday's first law: m = ZIt
Faraday constant: F ≈ 96,500 C mol⁻¹
Molar conductivity: Λₘ = κ × 1000 / M

Chemical kinetics

First-order rate constant: k = (2.303/t) log([A]₀/[A])
First-order half-life: t½ = 0.693/k
Zero-order half-life: t½ = [A]₀ / 2k
Arrhenius equation: k = A e^(−Eₐ/RT)
Two temperatures: log(k₂/k₁) = (Eₐ/2.303R)(1/T₁ − 1/T₂)

Solutions

Raoult's law: p = x p°
Boiling point elevation: ΔT_b = i K_b m
Freezing point depression: ΔT_f = i K_f m
Osmotic pressure: π = iCRT

Organic basics

Degree of unsaturation: (2C + 2 + N − H − X) / 2
sp³ carbon: 4 σ bonds, 109.5°
sp² carbon: 3 σ + 1 π, 120°
sp carbon: 2 σ + 2 π, 180°

How to use this sheet

This is the core list for JEE Main and NEET Physical Chemistry: 45 formulas across 9 chapters, written the way you'd use them in a problem. Revise one chapter a day in the last month, and test yourself in Formula Sprint; recalling a formula in two seconds is very different from recognising it.

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Questions students ask

Which chemistry formulas are most important for JEE Main?

The ones used across chapters: kinematics, energy conservation and Ohm's law in Physics; mole concept and equilibrium in Chemistry; quadratics, trigonometry and integration in Maths.

Is this formula sheet enough for revision?

It covers the formulas most often used in JEE Main and NEET. Use your NCERT and coaching notes for derivations and special cases.